College Board · AP Chemistry
AP Chemistry Resources
syllabus · past papers and exam practice · practice · course outline
Units and topics
Choose a topic to see its available materials.
Unit 1 - Atomic Structure and Properties8 topics
Open this unit →- Topic 1.1 Moles and Molar MassMaterials
- Topic 1.2 Mass Spectra of ElementsMaterials
- Topic 1.3 Elemental Composition of Pure SubstancesMaterials
- Topic 1.4 Composition of MixturesMaterials
- Topic 1.5 Atomic Structure and Electron ConfigurationMaterials
- Topic 1.6 Photoelectron SpectroscopyMaterials
- Topic 1.7 Periodic TrendsMaterials
- Topic 1.8 Valence Electrons and Ionic CompoundsMaterials
Unit 2 - Compound Structure and Properties7 topics
Open this unit →- Topic 2.1 Types of Chemical BondsMaterials
- Topic 2.2 Intramolecular Force and Potential EnergyMaterials
- Topic 2.3 Structure of Ionic SolidsMaterials
- Topic 2.4 Structure of Metals and AlloysMaterials
- Topic 2.5 Lewis DiagramsMaterials
- Topic 2.6 Resonance and Formal ChargeMaterials
- Topic 2.7 VSEPR and HybridizationMaterials
Unit 3 - Properties of Substances and Mixtures13 topics
Open this unit →- Topic 3.1 Intermolecular and Interparticle ForcesMaterials
- Topic 3.2 Properties of SolidsMaterials
- Topic 3.3 Solids, Liquids, and GasesMaterials
- Topic 3.4 Ideal Gas LawMaterials
- Topic 3.5 Kinetic Molecular TheoryMaterials
- Topic 3.6 Deviation from Ideal Gas LawMaterials
- Topic 3.7 Solutions and MixturesMaterials
- Topic 3.8 Representations of SolutionsMaterials
- Topic 3.9 Separation of Solutions and MixturesMaterials
- Topic 3.10 SolubilityMaterials
- Topic 3.11 Spectroscopy and the Electromagnetic SpectrumMaterials
- Topic 3.12 Properties of PhotonsMaterials
- Topic 3.13 Beer-Lambert LawMaterials
Unit 4 - Chemical Reactions9 topics
Open this unit →- Topic 4.1 Introduction for ReactionsMaterials
- Topic 4.2 Net Ionic EquationsMaterials
- Topic 4.3 Representations of ReactionsMaterials
- Topic 4.4 Physical and Chemical ChangesMaterials
- Topic 4.5 StoichiometryMaterials
- Topic 4.6 Introduction to TitrationMaterials
- Topic 4.7 Types of Chemical ReactionsMaterials
- Topic 4.8 Introduction to Acid-Base ReactionsMaterials
- Topic 4.9 Oxidation-Reduction (Redox) ReactionsMaterials
Unit 5 - Kinetics11 topics
Open this unit →- Topic 5.1 Reaction RatesMaterials
- Topic 5.2 Introduction to Rate LawMaterials
- Topic 5.3 Concentration Changes Over TimeMaterials
- Topic 5.4 Elementary ReactionsMaterials
- Topic 5.5 Collision ModelMaterials
- Topic 5.6 Reaction Energy ProfileMaterials
- Topic 5.7 Introduction to Reaction MechanismsMaterials
- Topic 5.8 Reaction Mechanism and Rate LawMaterials
- Topic 5.9 Pre-Equilibrium ApproximationMaterials
- Topic 5.10 Multistep Reaction Energy ProfileMaterials
- Topic 5.11 CatalysisMaterials
Unit 6 - Thermochemistry9 topics
Open this unit →- Topic 6.1 Endothermic and Exothermic ProcessesMaterials
- Topic 6.2 Energy DiagramsMaterials
- Topic 6.3 Heat Transfer and Thermal EquilibriumMaterials
- Topic 6.4 Heat Capacity and CalorimetryMaterials
- Topic 6.5 Energy of Phase ChangesMaterials
- Topic 6.6 Introduction to Enthalpy of ReactionMaterials
- Topic 6.7 Bond EnthalpiesMaterials
- Topic 6.8 Enthalpy of FormationMaterials
- Topic 6.9 Hess's LawMaterials
Unit 7 - Equilibrium12 topics
Open this unit →- Topic 7.1 Introduction to EquilibriumMaterials
- Topic 7.2 Direction of Reversible ReactionsMaterials
- Topic 7.3 Reaction Quotient and Equilibrium ConstantMaterials
- Topic 7.4 Calculating the Equilibrium ConstantMaterials
- Topic 7.5 Magnitude of the Equilibrium ConstantMaterials
- Topic 7.6 Properties of the Equilibrium ConstantMaterials
- Topic 7.7 Calculating Equilibrium ConcentrationsMaterials
- Topic 7.8 Representations of EquilibriumMaterials
- Topic 7.9 Introduction to Le Chatelier's PrincipleMaterials
- Topic 7.10 Reaction Quotient and Le Chatelier's PrincipleMaterials
- Topic 7.11 Introduction to Solubility EquilibriaMaterials
- Topic 7.12 Common-Ion EffectMaterials
Unit 8 - Acids and Bases11 topics
Open this unit →- Topic 8.1 Introduction to Acids and BasesMaterials
- Topic 8.2 pH and pOH of Strong Acids and BasesMaterials
- Topic 8.3 Weak Acid and Base EquilibriaMaterials
- Topic 8.4 Acid-Base Reactions and BuffersMaterials
- Topic 8.5 Acid-Base TitrationsMaterials
- Topic 8.6 Molecular Structure of Acids and BasesMaterials
- Topic 8.7 pH and pKaMaterials
- Topic 8.8 Properties of BuffersMaterials
- Topic 8.9 Henderson-Hasselbalch EquationMaterials
- Topic 8.10 Buffer CapacityMaterials
- Topic 8.11 pH and SolubilityMaterials
Unit 9 - Thermodynamics and Electrochemistry11 topics
Open this unit →- Topic 9.1 Introduction to EntropyMaterials
- Topic 9.2 Absolute Entropy and Entropy ChangeMaterials
- Topic 9.3 Gibbs Free Energy and Thermodynamic FavorabilityMaterials
- Topic 9.4 Thermodynamic and Kinetic ControlMaterials
- Topic 9.5 Free Energy and EquilibriumMaterials
- Topic 9.6 Free Energy of DissolutionMaterials
- Topic 9.7 Coupled ReactionsMaterials
- Topic 9.8 Galvanic (Voltaic) and Electrolytic CellsMaterials
- Topic 9.9 Cell Potential and Free EnergyMaterials
- Topic 9.10 Cell Potential Under Nonstandard ConditionsMaterials
- Topic 9.11 Electrolysis and Faraday's LawMaterials
Past papers and exam practice
These are shortcuts to available files. Open the course paper picker for the full year and paper selection.
- AP 化学 1989–2024 全套打包下载ZIP
- 2024 · Annual paper · MCQ + FRQ + answers · Download paper and answersPDF
- 2023 · Annual paper · MCQ + FRQ + answers · Download paper and answersPDF
- 2022 · Annual paper · MCQ + FRQ + answers · Download paper and answersPDF
- 2021 · Annual paper · MCQ + FRQ + answers · Download paper and answersPDF
- 2019 · Annual paper · MCQ + FRQ + answers · Download paper and answersPDF
- 2018 · Annual paper · MCQ + FRQ + answers · Download paper and answersPDF
- 2017 · Annual paper · MCQ + FRQ + answers · Download paper and answersPDF